Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracFineGrainedPermissions


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Timestamp:
09/09/2011 07:38:12 PM (13 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

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  • TracFineGrainedPermissions

    v1 v1  
     1= Fine grained permissions =
     2
     3Before Trac 0.11, it was only possible to define fine-grained permissions checks on the repository browser sub-system.
     4
     5Since 0.11, there's a general mechanism in place that allows custom **permission policy plugins** to grant or deny any action on any kind of Trac resources, even at the level of specific versions of such resources.
     6
     7Note that for Trac 0.12, `authz_policy` has been integrated as an optional module (in `tracopt.perm.authz_policy.*`), so it's installed by default and can simply be activated via the //Plugins// panel in the Trac administration module.
     8
     9
     10== Permission Policies ==
     11
     12A great diversity of permission policies can be implemented, and Trac comes with a few examples.
     13
     14Which policies are currently active is determined by a configuration setting in TracIni:
     15e.g.
     16{{{
     17[trac]
     18permission_policies = AuthzSourcePolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
     19}}}
     20This lists the [#AuthzSourcePolicy] described below as the first policy, followed by the !DefaultPermissionPolicy which checks for the traditional coarse grained style permissions described in TracPermissions, and the !LegacyAttachmentPolicy which knows how to use the coarse grained permissions for checking the permissions available on attachments.
     21
     22Among the possible optional choices, there is [#AuthzPolicy], a very generic permission policy, based on an Authz-style system. See
     23[trac:source:branches/0.12-stable/tracopt/perm/authz_policy.py authz_policy.py] for details.
     24
     25Another popular permission policy [#AuthzSourcePolicy], re-implements the pre-0.12 support for checking fine-grained permissions limited to Subversion repositories in terms of the new system.
     26
     27See also [trac:source:branches/0.12-stable/sample-plugins/permissions sample-plugins/permissions] for more examples.
     28
     29
     30=== !AuthzPolicy ===
     31
     32 - Install [http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/configobj.html ConfigObj] (required).
     33 - Copy authz_policy.py into your plugins directory.
     34 - Put a [http://swapoff.org/files/authzpolicy.conf authzpolicy.conf] file somewhere, preferably on a secured location on the server, not readable for others than the webuser. If the  file contains non-ASCII characters, the UTF-8 encoding should be used.
     35 - Update your `trac.ini`:
     36   1. modify the [TracIni#trac-section permission_policies] entry in the `[trac]` section
     37{{{
     38[trac]
     39...
     40permission_policies = AuthzPolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
     41}}}
     42   2. add a new `[authz_policy]` section
     43{{{
     44[authz_policy]
     45authz_file = /some/trac/env/conf/authzpolicy.conf
     46}}}
     47   3. enable the single file plugin
     48{{{
     49[components]
     50...
     51# Trac 0.12
     52tracopt.perm.authz_policy.* = enabled
     53# for Trac 0.11 use this
     54#authz_policy.* = enabled
     55}}}
     56
     57Note that the order in which permission policies are specified is quite critical,
     58as policies will be examined in the sequence provided.
     59
     60A policy will return either `True`, `False` or `None` for a given permission check.
     61Only if the return value is `None` will the ''next'' permission policy be consulted.
     62If no policy explicitly grants the permission, the final result will be `False`
     63(i.e. no permission).
     64
     65For example, if the `authz_file` contains:
     66{{{
     67[wiki:WikiStart@*]
     68* = WIKI_VIEW
     69
     70[wiki:PrivatePage@*]
     71john = WIKI_VIEW
     72* =
     73}}}
     74and the default permissions are set like this:
     75{{{
     76john           WIKI_VIEW
     77jack           WIKI_VIEW
     78# anonymous has no WIKI_VIEW
     79}}}
     80
     81Then:
     82 - All versions of WikiStart will be viewable by everybody (including anonymous)
     83 - !PrivatePage will be viewable only by john
     84 - other pages will be viewable only by john and jack
     85
     86
     87=== !AuthzSourcePolicy  (mod_authz_svn-like permission policy) === #AuthzSourcePolicy
     88
     89At the time of this writing, the old fine grained permissions system from Trac 0.11 and before used for restricting access to the repository has  been converted to a permission policy component, but from the user point of view, this makes little if no difference.
     90
     91That kind of fine-grained permission control needs a definition file, which is the one used by Subversion's mod_authz_svn.
     92More information about this file format and about its usage in Subversion is available in the  [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn.serverconfig.pathbasedauthz.html Path-Based Authorization] section in the Server Configuration chapter of the svn book.
     93
     94Example:
     95{{{
     96[/]
     97* = r
     98
     99[/branches/calc/bug-142]
     100harry = rw
     101sally = r
     102
     103[/branches/calc/bug-142/secret]
     104harry =
     105}}}
     106
     107 * '''/''' = ''Everyone has read access by default''
     108 * '''/branches/calc/bug-142''' = ''harry has read/write access, sally read only''
     109 * '''/branches/calc/bug-142/secret''' = ''harry has no access, sally has read access (inherited as a sub folder permission)''
     110
     111==== Trac Configuration ====
     112
     113To activate fine grained permissions you __must__ specify the {{{authz_file}}} option in the {{{[trac]}}} section of trac.ini. If this option is set to null or not specified the permissions will not be used.
     114
     115{{{
     116[trac]
     117authz_file = /path/to/svnaccessfile
     118}}}
     119
     120If you want to support the use of the `[`''modulename''`:/`''some''`/`''path''`]` syntax within the `authz_file`, add
     121
     122{{{
     123authz_module_name = modulename
     124}}}
     125
     126where ''modulename'' refers to the same repository indicated by the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section. As an example, if the `repository_dir` entry in the `[trac]` section is {{{/srv/active/svn/blahblah}}}, that would yield the following:
     127
     128{{{
     129[trac]
     130authz_file = /path/to/svnaccessfile
     131authz_module_name = blahblah
     132...
     133repository_dir = /srv/active/svn/blahblah
     134}}}
     135
     136where the svn access file, {{{/path/to/svnaccessfile}}}, contains entries such as {{{[blahblah:/some/path]}}}.
     137
     138'''Note:''' Usernames inside the Authz file __must__ be the same as those used inside trac.
     139
     140As of version 0.12, make sure you have ''!AuthzSourcePolicy'' included in the permission_policies list in trac.ini, otherwise the authz permissions file will be ignored.
     141
     142{{{
     143[trac]
     144permission_policies = AuthzSourcePolicy, DefaultPermissionPolicy, LegacyAttachmentPolicy
     145}}}
     146
     147==== Subversion Configuration ====
     148
     149The same access file is typically applied to the corresponding Subversion repository using an Apache directive like this:
     150{{{
     151<Location /repos>
     152  DAV svn
     153  SVNParentPath /usr/local/svn
     154
     155  # our access control policy
     156  AuthzSVNAccessFile /path/to/svnaccessfile
     157</Location>
     158}}}
     159
     160For information about how to restrict access to entire projects in a multiple project environment see [trac:wiki:TracMultipleProjectsSVNAccess]
     161
     162== Debugging permissions
     163In trac.ini set:
     164{{{
     165[logging]
     166log_file = trac.log
     167log_level = DEBUG
     168log_type = file
     169}}}
     170
     171And watch:
     172{{{
     173tail -n 0 -f log/trac.log | egrep '\[perm\]|\[authz_policy\]'
     174}}}
     175
     176to understand what checks are being performed. See the sourced documentation of the plugin for more info.
     177
     178
     179----
     180See also: TracPermissions,
     181[http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/FineGrainedPageAuthzEditorPlugin TracHacks:FineGrainedPageAuthzEditorPlugin] for a simple editor plugin.