source: neercs/trunk/src/mytrace.c @ 2514

/*
 *  neercs        console-based window manager
 *  Copyright (c) 2008 Pascal Terjan
 *            (c) 2008 Sam Hocevar <sam@zoy.org>
 *                All Rights Reserved
 *
 *  $Id$
 *
 *  This program is free software. It comes without any warranty, to
 *  the extent permitted by applicable law. You can redistribute it
 *  and/or modify it under the terms of the Do What The Fuck You Want
 *  To Public License, Version 2, as published by Sam Hocevar. See
 *  http://sam.zoy.org/wtfpl/COPYING for more details.
 */

#include "config.h"

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#if defined USE_GRAB
#   include <sys/ioctl.h>
#   include <sys/ptrace.h>
#   include <sys/stat.h>
#   include <sys/syscall.h>
#   include <sys/user.h>
#   include <sys/wait.h>
#endif

#include "neercs.h"
#include "mytrace.h"

#if defined USE_GRAB
static int memcpy_from_target(struct mytrace *t,
                              char* dest, long src, size_t n);
static int memcpy_into_target(struct mytrace *t,
                              long dest, char const *src, size_t n);
static long remote_syscall(pid_t pid, long call,
                           long arg1, long arg2, long arg3);
#   if defined DEBUG
static void print_registers(pid_t pid);
#   else
#       define print_registers(x) do {} while(0)
#   endif
#endif

#define X(x) #x
#define STRINGIFY(x) X(x)

#define SYSCALL_X86   0x80cd  /* CD 80 = int $0x80 */
#define SYSCALL_AMD64 0x050fL /* 0F 05 = syscall */

#define MYCALL_OPEN     0
#define MYCALL_CLOSE    1
#define MYCALL_WRITE    2
#define MYCALL_DUP2     3
#define MYCALL_SETPGID  4
#define MYCALL_SETSID   5
#define MYCALL_KILL     6

#if defined __x86_64__
#   define RAX rax
#   define RBX rbx
#   define RCX rcx
#   define RDX rdx
#   define RSP rsp
#   define RIP rip
#   define RDI rdi
#   define RSI rsi
#   define FMT "%016lx"
#else
#   define RAX eax
#   define RBX ebx
#   define RCX ecx
#   define RDX edx
#   define RSP esp
#   define RIP eip
#   define RDI edi
#   define RSI esi
#   define FMT "%08lx"
#endif

#if defined __x86_64__
int syscalls32[] =
    { 5, 6, 4, 63, 57, 66, 37 }; /* from unistd_32.h on an amd64 system */
int syscalls64[] =
#else
int syscalls32[] =
#endif
    { SYS_open, SYS_close, SYS_write, SYS_dup2, SYS_setpgid, SYS_setsid,
      SYS_kill };

struct mytrace
{
    pid_t pid;
};

struct mytrace* mytrace_attach(long int pid)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    struct mytrace *t;

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0) < 0)
    {
        perror("ptrace_attach");
        return NULL;
    }
    waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);

    t = malloc(sizeof(struct mytrace));
    t->pid = pid;

    return t;
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return NULL;
#endif
}

int mytrace_detach(struct mytrace *t)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, t->pid, 0, 0);
    free(t);

    return 0;
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_open(struct mytrace *t, char const *path, int mode)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    char backup_data[4096];
    struct user_regs_struct regs;
    size_t size = strlen(path) + 1;
    int ret;

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, t->pid, NULL, &regs) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_GETREGS failed\n");
        return errno;
    }

    /* Backup the data that we will use */
    if(memcpy_from_target(t, backup_data, regs.RSP, size) < 0)
        return -1;

    memcpy_into_target(t, regs.RSP, path, size);

    ret = remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_OPEN, regs.RSP, O_RDWR, 0755);

    /* Restore the data */
    memcpy_into_target(t, regs.RSP, backup_data, size);

    if(ret < 0)
    {
        errno = ret;
        return -1;
    }

    return ret;
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_close(struct mytrace *t, int fd)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    return remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_CLOSE, fd, 0, 0);
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_write(struct mytrace *t, int fd, char const *data, size_t len)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    struct user_regs_struct regs;
    char *backup_data;
    int ret;

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, t->pid, NULL, &regs) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_GETREGS failed\n");
        return errno;
    }

    backup_data = malloc(len);

    /* Backup the data that we will use */
    if(memcpy_from_target(t, backup_data, regs.RSP, len) < 0)
        return -1;

    memcpy_into_target(t, regs.RSP, data, len);

    ret = remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_WRITE, fd, regs.RSP, len);

    /* Restore the data */
    memcpy_into_target(t, regs.RSP, backup_data, len);

    if(ret < 0)
    {
        errno = ret;
        return -1;
    }

    return ret;
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_dup2(struct mytrace *t, int oldfd, int newfd)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    return remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_DUP2, oldfd, newfd, 0);
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_setpgid(struct mytrace *t, long pid, long pgid)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    return remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_SETPGID, pid, pgid, 0);
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_setsid(struct mytrace *t)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    return remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_SETSID, 0, 0, 0);
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

int mytrace_kill(struct mytrace *t, long pid, int sig)
{
#if defined USE_GRAB
    return remote_syscall(t->pid, MYCALL_KILL, pid, sig, 0);
#else
    errno = ENOSYS;
    return -1;
#endif
}

/*
 * XXX: the following functions are local
 */

#if defined USE_GRAB
static int memcpy_from_target(struct mytrace *t,
                              char* dest, long src, size_t n)
{
    static int const align = sizeof(long) - 1;

    while(n)
    {
        long data;
        size_t todo = sizeof(long) - (src & align);

        if(n < todo)
            todo = n;

        data = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, t->pid, src - (src & align), 0);
        if(errno)
        {
            perror("ptrace_peektext");
            return -1;
        }
        memcpy(dest, (char *)&data + (src & align), todo);

        dest += todo;
        src += todo;
        n -= todo;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int memcpy_into_target(struct mytrace *t,
                              long dest, char const *src, size_t n)
{
    static int const align = sizeof(long) - 1;

    while(n)
    {
        long data;
        size_t todo = sizeof(long) - (dest & align);

        if(n < todo)
            todo = n;
        if(todo != sizeof(long))
        {
            data = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, t->pid, dest - (dest & align), 0);
            if(errno)
            {
                perror("ptrace_peektext");
                return -1;
            }
        }

        memcpy((char *)&data + (dest & align), src, todo);
        ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT, t->pid, dest - (dest & align), data);
        if(errno)
        {
            perror("ptrace_poketext");
            return -1;
        }

        src += todo;
        dest += todo;
        n -= todo;
    }

    return 0;
}

static long remote_syscall(pid_t pid, long call,
                            long arg1, long arg2, long arg3)
{
    /* Method for remote syscall:
     *  - wait until the traced application exits from a syscall
     *  - save registers
     *  - rewind eip/rip to point on the syscall instruction
     *  - single step: execute syscall instruction
     *  - retrieve resulting registers
     *  - restore registers */
    struct user_regs_struct regs, oldregs;
    long oinst;
    int bits;

print_registers(pid);
#if defined __x86_64__
    bits = 64;
#else
    bits = 32;
#endif

    for(;;)
    {
        if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, NULL, &oldregs) < 0)
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_GETREGS failed\n");
            return -1;
        }

        oinst = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, oldregs.RIP - 2, 0) & 0xffff;

#if defined __x86_64__
        if(oinst == SYSCALL_AMD64)
            break;
        if(oinst == SYSCALL_X86)
        {
            bits = 32;
            break;
        }
#else
        if(oinst == SYSCALL_X86)
            break;
#endif

        if(ptrace(PTRACE_SYSCALL, pid, NULL, 0) < 0)
        {
            perror("ptrace_syscall (1)");
            return -1;
        }
        waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);

        if(ptrace(PTRACE_SYSCALL, pid, NULL, 0) < 0)
        {
            perror("ptrace_syscall (2)");
            return -1;
        }
        waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
    }

    print_registers(pid);

    regs = oldregs;
    regs.RIP = regs.RIP - 2;
#if defined __x86_64__
    if(bits == 64)
    {
        regs.RAX = syscalls64[call];
        regs.RDI = arg1;
        regs.RSI = arg2;
        regs.RDX = arg3;
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        regs.RAX = syscalls32[call];
        regs.RBX = arg1;
        regs.RCX = arg2;
        regs.RDX = arg3;
    }

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, NULL, &regs) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_SETREGS failed\n");
        return -1;
    }

    print_registers(pid);

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, pid, NULL, NULL) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_SINGLESTEP failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
    waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);

    print_registers(pid);

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, NULL, &regs) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_GETREGS failed\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, NULL, &oldregs) < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "PTRACE_SETREGS failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
    print_registers(pid);

    debug("syscall %ld returned %ld", call, regs.RAX);

    if((long)regs.RAX < 0)
    {
        errno = -(long)regs.RAX;
        perror("syscall");
        return -1;
    }

    return regs.RAX;
}

/* For debugging purposes only. Prints register and stack information. */
#if defined DEBUG
static void print_registers(pid_t pid)
{
    union { long int l; unsigned char data[sizeof(long int)]; } inst;
    struct user_regs_struct regs;
    int i;

    if(ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, NULL, &regs) < 0)
    {
        perror("ptrace_getregs");
        exit(errno);
    }

    fprintf(stderr, "  / %s: "FMT"   ", STRINGIFY(RAX), regs.RAX);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: "FMT"\n", STRINGIFY(RBX), regs.RBX);
    fprintf(stderr, "  | %s: "FMT"   ", STRINGIFY(RCX), regs.RCX);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: "FMT"\n", STRINGIFY(RDX), regs.RDX);
    fprintf(stderr, "  | %s: "FMT"   ", STRINGIFY(RDI), regs.RDI);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: "FMT"\n", STRINGIFY(RSI), regs.RSI);
    fprintf(stderr, "  | %s: "FMT"   ", STRINGIFY(RSP), regs.RSP);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: "FMT"\n", STRINGIFY(RIP), regs.RIP);

    inst.l = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, regs.RIP - 4, 0);
    fprintf(stderr, "  | code: ... %02x %02x %02x %02x <---> ",
            inst.data[0], inst.data[1], inst.data[2], inst.data[3]);
    inst.l = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, regs.RIP, 0);
    fprintf(stderr, "%02x %02x %02x %02x ...\n",
            inst.data[0], inst.data[1], inst.data[2], inst.data[3]);

    fprintf(stderr, "  \\ stack: ... ");
    for(i = -16; i < 24; i += sizeof(long))
    {
        inst.l = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKDATA, pid, regs.RSP + i, 0);
#if defined __x86_64__
        fprintf(stderr, "%02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x ",
                inst.data[0], inst.data[1], inst.data[2], inst.data[3],
                inst.data[4], inst.data[5], inst.data[6], inst.data[7]);
#else
        fprintf(stderr, "%02x %02x %02x %02x ",
                inst.data[0], inst.data[1], inst.data[2], inst.data[3]);
#endif
        if(i == 0)
            fprintf(stderr, "[%s] ", STRINGIFY(RSP));
    }
    fprintf(stderr, "...\n");
}
#endif /* DEBUG */

#endif /* USE_GRAB */